Miami-Dade (FL) Fire Rescue (MDFR) ya ƙera kuma ya gina kayan aikin horo na kashe gobara don koyar da ma'aikata a cikin dabarun yankan gilashin da ba a iya jurewa ba, fa'idodin tsaro na dukiya, kusoshi, labulen HUD, rufewar guguwa da kofofin sama.MDFR ya kafa. ƙawance tare da ƴan kwangilar taga da kofa don samun tagogi da kofofi da gilashin da aka liƙa da kuma na sama, sashe da na rufewa.Yayin da mafi yawan kofofin da ke kan gaba tsofaffin kofofi ne, kofofin gilashi da tagogi galibi sababbi ne; ba za a iya shigar da su ba saboda kurakurai a cikin girman su ko ƙirar da mai ginin ya ƙayyade.
Shekaru da yawa, ma'aikatan kashe gobara na MDFR sun yi ƙoƙarin shigar da C-clamps ko in ba haka ba su daidaita tagogin gilashin da aka ɗora a tsaye yayin da ma'aikata ke jujjuya gatari da guduma ko sarrafa sarƙoƙi don kutsawa cikin su. glass.Ba sai da Palm Beach County (FL) Fire and Rescue Department (FL) Fire and Rescue Department suka yi fim ɗin bidiyo na horo cewa sassan biyu sun koyi game da haɗarin numfashi na shakar ƙurar gilashi. Yayin samarwa, mai daukar hoto zai daskare bidiyon kuma ya zuƙowa a kan. Hoton.Abin da aka lura yana da damuwa: Lokacin da masu kashe gobara suka shaka, ana iya ganin ƙurar gilashi ta shiga bakinsu da hancinsu. Sakamakon haka, duka Palm Beach County da MDFR suna buƙatar ma'aikata kusa da yanke gilashi don amfani da na'urar numfashi mai kwakwalwa (SCBA).
A cikin hoto na 1, firam ɗin tsayayyen gilashin yanke struts an haɗa shi tare da mai tsara sa, Kyaftin Juan Miguel. Don matsa kofofi da tagogi, U-clamps an yi su da ƙarfe mai nauyi mai nauyi kuma an sanya su da screws T-handle. yana tabbatar da ƙofar gilashi ko taga zuwa sil ɗin ƙasa da zuwa saman kai, wanda ke zamewa sama da ƙasa a cikin tashar madaidaicin sashi, kamar abin rufewar abin nadi. ko kofa. A cikin hoto na 2, ma'aikatan MDFR suna amfani da (daga dama zuwa hagu) na'urar rotary mai amfani da batir, injin rotary mai aiki da mai, da kuma injin mai jujjuyawa don aiwatar da dabarun yankan.Hoto 3 yana kusa da saman saman kai. Tashoshi da jakunkuna da aka ƙara don sauƙaƙe haɓakawa da rage babban kan kai. Hoto na 4 yana nuna faɗakarwa mai ɗauke da ginshiƙi na matakala na waje.
Za'a iya shigar da na'ura mai ɗaukuwa ta biyu a cikin buɗe taga na hasumiya na horo na MDFR, ko kuma a cikin tsarin da aka samu, don horar da dabarun samun iska-shiga-keɓe-search (VEIS). .Berayen matsi suna matse alamun hanya wuri ɗaya don riƙe su.A cikin hoto na 5, taga da za a yanke tana cikin clevis, an ɗaure a ƙasan alamar titin na waje. A cikin hoto na 7, ma'aikatan kashe gobara suna amfani da batir mai amfani da batir don yanke tagar gilashin da aka lulluɓe da struts mai ɗaukar hoto a buɗe taga don samun tsarin. 8, gilashin yankan gilashin šaukuwa yana haɗe zuwa taga tare da alamun hanya da ratchet.
Babu wani binciken kayan aikin yankan gilashin da ya cika ba tare da duba gilashin ba. Gilashin da aka rufe shi ne gilashin da aka fi sani da masu kashe gobara, irin su gilashin lebur da "gilashin iyo." Lokacin da wuta ta shafa ko ta fallasa, gilashin da aka rufe zai iya rushewa cikin manyan. guda da ke iya haifar da rauni ko mutuwa, musamman idan sun fado daga benaye na sama na manyan gine-gine. Gilashin gilasai da aka rutsa da su kuma na iya zama haɗari ga ma'aikatan kashe gobara idan sun ci gaba da zama a ɓangaren saman taga. nunin tagogi - waɗanda har yanzu suke a cikin tsofaffin gine-gine - dole ne su yi taka tsantsan don share saman firam ɗin taga. Idan ba su yi ba, gilashin gilashi masu nauyi, kauri, jakunkuna za su rataya a kan kawunansu kamar guillotine; za su iya fada ba tare da gargadi ba.
Ana iya canza kaddarorin gilashin da aka rufe ta hanyar dumama sannan sanyaya a cikin tanderu.Lokacin, zafin jiki da yanayin sanyaya gilashin a cikin tanderun yana ƙayyade ko gilashin yana da ƙarfi sosai ko kuma yana ƙarfafa ta. na gilashin da aka ƙarfafa zafi da zafi, yana ƙara ƙarfinsa. Dukansu masu ƙarfin zafi da gilashin gilashi sun fi karfi da aminci fiye da gilashin da aka shafe, amma suna da halaye daban-daban na fashewa. amma yana ƙoƙarin kasancewa a cikin firam ɗin taga. Lokacin da ya tarwatse, gilashin zafin jiki yana farfasa cikin ƙananan lu'ulu'u waɗanda sukan faɗo daga firam ɗin taga.
Shekaru da yawa, hukunce-hukuncen da ke kan gabar tekun Gulf da Atlantic sun ba da umarnin yin amfani da magudanar iska ko iska mai ƙarfi da gilashin juriya a cikin sabon ginin. sandwiched tsakanin zanen gado biyu na ƙarfin zafi ko gilashin zafi. Dukansu yadudduka na gilashin na iya rushewa akan tasiri, amma Layer na ciki na filastik yana tsayayya da shiga kuma yana kiyaye taga ba daidai ba. makamashi, manyan gine-ginen galibi suna da tagogi masu rufi, waɗanda suka ƙunshi zanen gado biyu na gilashin zafi ko zafi mai ƙarfi da ke cike da iska, argon, xenon, ko sauran iskar gas.
Kasancewar gilashin gilashi yana da mahimmanci kuma ya kamata a ƙayyade a girman girman 360. Idan akwai, yana nufin cewa ma'aikata za su yi aiki a cikin ginin da ba shi da taga. yayi ƙoƙari ya karya shi tare da ƙugiya mai rufi. A hankali taɗa gilashin da aka lakafta tare da kayan aiki na karfe don gane gilashin da aka yi da shi ba tare da lalacewa ba; idan kun ji bugu mai banƙyama, mai yuwuwa ya zama gilashin laminated.
Duk da yake ventilated chainsaws sanye take da carbide sarkar su ne mafi sauri kuma mafi inganci kayayyakin aiki don yankan laminated gilashin, shi ne kusan ba zai yiwu ba a yanke bude siffar mutum tare da kayan aikin hannu, musamman a cikin tsarin da hayaki-cika. Duk da haka, da hannu kayan aikin za a iya yanke. Ƙananan buɗewa don isa da sarrafa latch. Misali, idan an shigar da tagogin gilashin da aka lakafta don ƙayyadaddun bayanai, yana yiwuwa kowane ɗakin kwana yana buƙatar samun taga "tserewa" wanda za'a iya buɗewa da buɗewa daga ciki. Bugu da ƙari, ƙofofin zamewa. kuma ana iya buɗe kofofin Faransanci irin wannan. Yanke da kayan aikin hannu ya haɗa da buga gatari mai faɗi tare da mallet don yanke ko yanke.
A cikin gine-ginen ofis na zamani da otal-otal, akwai 'yan tagogi da za a iya buɗewa don samun iska.Wasu tsayayyen shinge ko ginin bangon labulen gilashi na iya samun tagogi da za a iya buɗewa don samun iska tare da maɓallin Allen ko na musamman. don karya wasu gilashin gilashi masu zafi. Gudanar da gine-gine ba ya son masu haya su bude tagoginsu kuma su bar iska mai tsada sosai don zafi, sanyi da kuma jin dadi.
Yi la'akari da wannan yanayin na kowa: guntuwar wutar lantarki na iya kunna wuta a ƙarƙashin tebur a cikin ɗakin aiki na ofis ko cubicle. Kowane taga a cikin ginin yana da gilashin gilashi, kuma babu ɗayansu da za'a iya buɗewa. Tun da kusan duk abin da ke cikin ɗakin an yi shi da shi. petrochemical roba abu (filastik), hayaki daga farkon matakai na wuta ya riga duhu da pungent.Ba da da ewa, wuta za ta yada zuwa ofishin kujeru da soundproof cubicles, duka cike da polyurethane kumfa kuma an rufe shi da vinyl ko polyester masana'anta.Ultimately, zafin wutar ya kunna yayyafa guda ɗaya ko fiye, wanda ya hana wutar ci gaba, amma babu hayaki.
Masu sprinklers da wuya suna kashe wuta sosai, suna barin ta tana ta ƙonewa ko kuma ba ta cika ba. La'akari da cewa carbon monoxide (CO) samfur ne na konewa da bai cika ba, ɗakunan ofis suna cike da ƙanƙara, tururi mai sanyaya ruwa wanda ke ɗauke da haɗari mai haɗari na CO.Tun da gas mai ƙarfi. saws ba za su iya aiki a cikin hayaki ba, wuraren da ba su da iskar oxygen, sawduwar batir na yau suna da kyau don ƙirƙirar filaye a cikin tagogin gilashin da aka liƙa.
Mahimmin bayani ga gine-ginen iska tare da ƙayyadaddun gyare-gyare, masu rufewa, windows masu tsayayya da tasiri shine tsarin da aka tsara da kuma sarrafa hayaki mai sarrafa hayaki.Wadannan sun haɗa da jerin shirye-shiryen da aka tsara a hankali a hankali, manyan kayan aiki da magudanar ruwa, da dampers don sarrafa motsi na iska da iska. hayaki.
MDFR ta yi aiki da kamfanin ceton lafiyarta tare da wani jami'i da ma'aikatan kashe gobara guda biyu.Wadannan rukunin suna sanye take da kayan aikin gama gari ga kamfanoni masu tsani kuma suna yin aikin kamfanonin tsani a cikin gobarar tsarin; su ne ke da alhakin shiga da kuma bincike na tilastawa.Tun da shekaru, likitocin suna sanye take da sarƙoƙi mai amfani da man fetur da kuma rotary saws har sai da damuwa game da hayaƙin gas da ke shiga ɗakin majiyyaci ya sa aka cire su.Tun lokacin da aka cire man fetur, MDFR yana nema. kayan aikin da za a maido da damar shigar da kamfanin ceto na tilas, musamman yanke shingen hana sata da aka saba samu akan kofofi da tagogi a yankin Miami.Sashen ya kimanta saws na jujjuyawar da ake amfani da su ta batir nickel-cadmium (ni-cad). Gilashin da aka yi amfani da batir na iya yanke gilashin laminated a cikin hayaki da ƙarancin iskar oxygen, gilashin dole ne a “laushe” ta hanyar buga gilashin tare da kayan aiki, karya yadudduka na ciki da na waje na gilashin ta yadda gani zai yanke jimlar kawai. Duk da yake šaukuwa kuma mai sauri don turawa, babu ɗayan waɗannan kayan aikin da ke aiki kamar mashin mai mai ƙarfi.
A cikin 2019, sashen ya nemi Teamungiyar Ceto Technical (TRT) don kimanta sabon ƙarni na lithium-ion (li-ion) mai sarrafa batir daga masana'anta guda biyu.Ba kamar batirin NiCd ba, batir Li-Ion ba sa rage ƙarfin wutar lantarki. kayan aiki a lokacin da suka rasa cajin su.Ko da yake an yi amfani da su wajen yanke rebar a ayyukan ceton da suka ruguje, nan da nan aka gano cewa sabbin na'urorin da ke amfani da batir za su iya yanke shingen hana sata da sauri da sauri kamar na man fetur.A cikin hoto na 10. Wani ma'aikacin kashe gobara ya yanke rebar a cikin ginshiƙin yanke shinge na hana sata.Bisa ga kyakkyawar ra'ayi daga TRT, sashen yana da kwarin gwiwa cewa ya sami babban abin gani mai ɗaukar hoto da yake nema don sake gyara aikin ceton likita. Waɗannan saws yanzu sune "tafi -to” kayan aiki don kowane ƙalubalen yanke kuma sun taimaka ceton rayuka a cikin tsari.
Nauyi mai sauƙi, mai sauƙin sarrafawa, kuma mai ɗorewa, waɗannan saws suna aiki da kyau lokacin yankan a cikin wurare masu mahimmanci ko kusa da wadanda ke fama da su. Suna da kyau a cikin raguwa. A yayin aiwatar da kimantawa, sashen ya gano cewa mafi kyawun gani (a fasaha ba mai gani ba, but an abrasive yankan diski) wani vacuum brazed lu'u-lu'u-inlaid saw ruwa. Baya ga yankan ingancin gefen lu'u-lu'u, wadannan ruwan wukake kuma sun yanke sirara sosai; Saboda haka, da saws da kasa motsi lalacewa gogayya fiye da wadanda sanye take da na al'ada lu'u-lu'u segmented saw ruwan wukake.Dukansu brands da 9" diamita ruwa tare da 3.5" zurfin yanke.
Kowane kamfani yana jigilar batura hudu; Ana ajiye ɗaya a cikin cajar ɗakin kwana, sauran kuma zato ne ke ɗauke da su.Maye gurbin baturin a filin domin baturin ya ƙare ko ya yi zafi sosai.Idan aka zana halin yanzu daga baturin lithium-ion, zafi yakan haifar; mafi wuya da tsayin zato, zafin batirin zai yi zafi har sai da'irar tsaro a cikin baturin ta kashe shi.Batura daga masana'antun biyu suna da fitulun da ke nuna adadin ƙarfin da ake da su.Lokacin da hasken ya fara walƙiya, baturin ya yi zafi sosai. An ba da oda mafi girman baturi daga masana'anta don zalun don ƙara lokacin gudu da rage haɓakar zafi.
Bayan lokaci na kimantawa, sashen ya haɓaka kuma ya ba da shirin horarwa na horarwa don kamfanonin ceton likita don koyon yadda za su yi amfani da sabbin kayan aikin su da kyau. gani.
Ma'aikatan jirgin sun koyi cewa batir ɗin dicing ɗin da ake amfani da shi ba su da ƙarfi da ƙarfin da aka yi amfani da su don yin amfani da saws na pneumatic. Na'urar masana'anta ɗaya tana da haske mai nuna lodi, kuma lokacin da zawar ta faɗi cikin yanke, juyin juya halin minti daya (rpm) ya ragu har zuwa inda zato ba ta da tasiri kuma baturin yana cikin haɗarin zazzaɓi. Ana koya wa masu aiki su saurari zawar. Idan rpm ya ragu sosai ko kuma ruwan ya fara makale a cikin yanke, rage matsa lamba akan. gani da kuma rage gudun da ma'aikacin ke jan zawar ta yanke.
Bugu da ƙari, ana koya wa masu aiki da girman maƙasudin shigarwa na tilastawa don tantance mafi ƙarancin adadin nasara ko mafi inganci yankewa.Maimakon ƙoƙarin yanke manyan buɗaɗɗen buɗewa a sama da ƙofofi, yi amfani da batir mai ƙarfi don yanke ƙananan buɗewar "fida" don isa. da saki makullai da latches.Misali, yawancin kofofin sashe na kasuwanci a Kudancin Florida ana kiyaye su ta hanyar zamewa latches da ke haɗe zuwa ciki na sashe na biyu na ƙasa. Don haka a yanke fata ɗin ƙarfe na ƙofar da ke da girma don isa gare ku. da kuma saki latch.Ƙaƙƙarfan zurfin yankan saw (inci 3.5 kawai) ba matsala ba ne, kamar yadda mai aiki ya guje wa yanke duk wani ƙarfin ƙarfafawa.
Don yanke sandal a kan kofa da ke murzawa, buga gatari ko adz na halligan tsakanin ƙofar da jamb don ba da damar ruwa ya jujjuya cikin yardar rai.Lokacin da za a yanke huluna a cikin gilashin da aka lanƙwara, yi yankan gefe uku a saman da bangarorin. budewa, da kuma jawo yanke a cikin ginin.
A cikin Hoto na 11, an yanke silinda na kulle daga tsakiyar ƙaƙƙarfan kofa na ƙarfe. Zagi yana sassauƙan sandunan ƙarfe waɗanda ke shimfiɗa daga sama, ƙasa, da gefen ƙofar.
A cikin hoto na 12, batir mai amfani da batir yana da sauri ya yanke kan kullin abin hawa da aka tilasta shi cikin ginshiƙi.Saboda sauƙin nauyinsa, sawn ya dace don tilasta samun damar shiga cikin ginin ciki, kamar yankan makulli masu ƙarfi da ke tabbatar da kofofin rufin matakala.
Tun lokacin da MDFR ta sami batir mai amfani da batir lithium-ion, ma'aikatan sun yi amfani da su yadda ya kamata a cikin ayyukan ceto na fasaha, gami da yanke rebar a cikin ayyukan lalata, yanke sassa na inji a cikin ayyukan tarko, da yanke marasa lafiya kyauta a cikin ayyukan ceto.
Masana'antun kayan aiki sun amsa nasarar nasarar waɗannan saws a cikin gine-gine da kasuwannin kayan aiki.MDFR yana da masana'antun guda biyu don zaɓar daga cikin 2019; yanzu yana da aƙalla nau'ikan gini guda biyar, na'urar dicing mai amfani da baturi. Sassan wuta dole ne su kimanta duk abubuwan da aka bayar kafin zabar takamaiman alama.Sharuɗɗan zaɓin zaɓi sun haɗa da aiki, zurfin yanke, karko, rayuwar batir, farashin baturi da samuwa. , da kuma goyon bayan masana'anta.
Ƙofar da ke sama suna da kyau don koyar da jujjuyawar jujjuyawar sama, labulen labule, da dabarun yankan ƙofofin gareji na sashe. firam ɗin ƙarfe da ɗaure shi a kan titin maɗauran abin nadi na wurin horarwa.Tsarin da aka ajiye tare da madaurin bera yana goyan bayan buɗewar da aka yanke a cikin wata kofa da aka yi watsi da abin nadi da ke kan firam ɗin.
BILL GUSTIN wani tsohon sojan kashe gobara ne na shekaru 48 kuma kyaftin na kungiyar Wuta da Ceto ta Miami-Dade (FL).Ya fara aikinsa a cikin sabis na kashe gobara a yankin Chicago kuma shine jagorar jagora ga shirin ci gaban jami'in sashen sa. yana koyar da darussan horar da jami'an dabara da na kamfanoni a duk Arewacin Amurka.Shi editan fasaha ne kuma memba na hukumar shawara na Injiniyan Wuta da FDIC International.
ENRIQUE PEREA shi ne kyaftin da kuma 26-shekara tsohon soja na Miami-Dade (FL) Fire Rescue, jagorancin shirin ceton fasaha.Shi Ma'aikacin Fasaha ne na Ceto, Hazmat Technician, da Babban Kayan aiki da Kwararren Rigging na USAR FL-TF1.Perea yana koyar da duk wani nau'i na ayyuka na musamman ga hukumomi daban-daban kuma shine babban koci na IAFF.Ya yi digiri na farko a fannin injiniyan jama'a kuma yana karatun digiri na biyu a fannin injiniyan gine-gine.
Bill Gustin zai gabatar da "Ayyukan don Sabbin Jami'an Kasuwanci" Litinin, Afrilu 25, 1: 30-5: 30 na yamma da Laraba, Afrilu 27, 3: 30-5: 15 na yamma, a FDIC a Indianapolis a taron kasa da kasa na 2022 .
Lokacin aikawa: Mayu-24-2022