Garin tsibiri mai cike da kud'i da kud'i wanda bashi da wani zabi sai hawa sama. kuma sama. kuma sama. Ka yi la'akari da sararin samaniyar Manhattan a cikin jinkirin motsi, farawa a kusa da 1890 - lokacin da Hasumiyar Aminci ta New York ta haye a kan tudun Ikilisiyar Triniti mai tsawon ƙafa 284 - kuma ya ƙare a yau: jerin abubuwan ci gaba ne na sama, kowane sabon duel mai girman kai yana haskakawa na ƙarshe.
Wataƙila yawancin wannan tarihin ya kasance ne ta hanyar gasa mai tsanani—misali, yaƙi mai zafi na taken gini mafi tsayi a duniya tsakanin Ginin Chrysler da Ginin Babban Bankin Manhattan (40 Wall Street), wanda Chrysler ya yi nasara da wani abin mamaki. . gefe Beat a cikin yaƙi: An ƙara wani gungu na ɓoye a asirce a cikin minti na ƙarshe, yana tura rikodin tsayin New York zuwa ƙafa 1,046 a cikin watanni 11 masu daraja kafin Ginin Jihar Daular ya kai kololuwa. Amma tarihin gine-gine na birni ba za a iya rage shi zuwa injiniyoyin wasa ba. Wasu abubuwa suna faruwa. An gina Manhattan ne saboda ba zai iya girma ba kuma ba zai iya zama ba. Waɗanda mazaunan da za su iya yin haka za su yi ƙoƙari su hau dutsen.
Yanzu muna rayuwa a cikin wani zamani na hawa na daban. Akwai gine-gine 21 a cikin birnin masu tsayin rufin sama sama da ƙafa 800, bakwai daga cikinsu an gina su a cikin shekaru 15 da suka gabata (kuma uku daga cikinsu an gina su a cikin watanni 36 na ƙarshe). A cikin wannan na musamman na New York, mun bincika tarin tarin tsibirai masu tsayi da ke saman manyan gine-gine 21. Fadinsa yana da kusan ƙafafu murabba'i miliyan 34 kuma ya haɗa da wuraren zama masu daɗi, yanayin aiki mai ban sha'awa (lokacin da bayan gini), manyan wuraren zama. A gani, ƙwarewar wannan sabon tsayi ya bambanta da abubuwan da suka faru a baya inda aka ɗaga kiban zuwa ƙafa 400, 500, ko 600. A tsayin tsayin mita 800 zuwa sama, akwai wani abu da ba a saba gani ba a cikin birni mai ƙamshi na gefen titi da cunkoson tituna waɗanda ke jira, a hankali suna tafiya da gaggawa - irin na koma baya. Kowane ɗan New York ya san irin keɓance mai daɗi da za a iya samu a cikin taron jama'a da ba a san su ba a kan tituna. Wani abu ne kuma: tsananin keɓantawa da ke haifarwa ta hanyar kai wa ga mahangar da ba ta dace da idon ɗan adam ba.
Shekaru goma daga yanzu, ra'ayoyin da aka gabatar a cikin shafuffuka masu zuwa na iya zama kamar na ban mamaki har ma ba su cika ba. Amma a yau suna ba da hangen nesa na sabbin unguwannin birnin da ba kasafai ba a sararin sama. Jack Silverstein ♦
Alicia Mattson, wacce ke aiki a saman Cibiyar Ciniki ta Duniya 1, ta kwatanta gwaninta a sama da ƙafa 800 zuwa “kasancewa cikin ƙwallon ƙanƙara. Komai ya kwanta.” Ferry akan kogin Son. "Kuna mayar da hankali kan abubuwa kamar zirga-zirgar jiragen ruwa," in ji ta. "Ba kwa jin kamar kuna cikin birni." A wannan tsayin, hayaniyar rayuwar birni ta ɓace tare da cikakkun bayanai na kusa. Hangen nesa ya dushe. Motoci da masu tafiya a kan titi da alama suna ta rarrafe.
"Za ku yi nadama da gaske idan ɗaya daga cikin ɗigon ya daina motsi har abada?" ya tambayi Harry Lime akan motar Ferris a cikin Mutum na Uku.
Ofishin Jimmy Park kuma yana hawa na 85, kuma a lokacin hutunsa yana son hawan tsaunuka, wato, “Kana raina abin da ba a wurin kuma kana jin kamar kana da nisan tafiya.” tafi daga inda kuke bukata idan kuna buƙatar tsaro. Ganin daga nesa shima yana da ɗan warkewa. Yana faruwa a kan jirgin sama, a cikin duwatsu, a bakin teku. Zan sadu da sabon abokin ciniki kuma za mu leƙa ta taga kuma muna jin daɗin wannan shiru mai daɗi.
"Yana da kama," in ji shi, "ga "sakamakon ra'ayi" da 'yan sama jannati ke ji kuma ya kunna duk wani motsin muhalli. Kun gane girman ku da girman duniya. "
Tsohon Alkawari ya yi shelar cewa kowane kwari dole ne a ɗaga kuma kowane tudu dole ne a saukar da shi, daidai da ra'ayi na gargajiya na daidaito da daidaito. A ƙarni na 18, tsoro, tsoro, da jin daɗin da aka keɓe don Allah a baya sun rikiɗe zuwa abubuwan al'amuran ƙasa kamar tsaunuka da ƙwarewar cin kololuwa. Kant ya kira shi "mafi girma." A cikin karni na 19, tare da haɓaka sabbin fasahohi da birane, na halitta ya saba wa abin da mutum ya yi. Ƙaƙƙarfan ƙaƙƙarfan yana zama mai sauƙi ta hanyar hawa zuwa saman dogayen gine-gine.
A cikin wannan ruhu, Richard Morris Hunt ya tsara Ginin New York Tribune, wanda aka kammala a cikin 1875, tare da hasumiya mai tsawon ƙafa 260 wanda ya yi hamayya da majami'ar Triniti a matsayin ginin mafi tsayi a cikin birni. Kwata na karni bayan haka, Ginin Flatiron mai ƙafa 285 na Daniel Burnham ya kafa sabon manufa don tsayi da sirara, ba da daɗewa ba yana fafatawa da Hasumiyar MetLife mai ƙafa 700 daura da Madison Square Park. kusa da Ginin Woolworth Cass Gilbert, 1913, 792 ft.
Kasa da shekaru 20 daga baya, sararin samaniyar New York ya sami kyakkyawan tsari na Platonic a cikin Chrysler da Ginin Daular Empire. Gine-ginen ginin daular Empire State ta kafa 204, wanda bai taɓa tsayawa ba, shine kasuwancin da yayi daidai da spire College Trinity. Kamar yadda EB White ya rubuta, sararin samaniyar birni shine "ga ƙasar abin da fararen cocin cocin suke zuwa ƙauye - alamomin buri da bangaskiya, fararen fuka-fukan da ke nuna hanya zuwa sama."
Dutsen New York mai tudu ya zama alamar birni, hoton kati na zamanin Amurka da kuma hoton fim na gargajiya, silhouette ɗin sa yana nuna abin da ke faruwa a ƙasa. Tunanin White ya dogara ne akan rayuwar titi, yadda hasumiya ke haduwa da tudu da kuma tsare. Biranen da ke da buri a cikin 'yan shekarun nan sun gina gine-gine masu tsayi fiye da birnin New York amma ba su taɓa maye gurbin Manhattan gaba ɗaya ba, a wani ɓangare saboda sararin sama sune tushen tsarin birane, idan ba a zana su daga ainihin yankunan da ke da yawa ba.
Rabin karni da suka gabata, a Manhattan, an ƙayyade matsayi ta wurin keɓantacce yanki, ba kawai tsayi ba: wani gidan bene mai hawa 20 a kan titin Park Avenue har yanzu yana wakiltar kololuwar dala na zamantakewa. A wancan lokacin, tsayin daka mai tsayi kamar ƙafa 800 galibi gine-ginen kasuwanci ne, ba gine-ginen zama ba. Skyscrapers suna tallata kamfanoni. Tare da irin wannan tsayin, babban farashin gini ba za a iya rufe shi ta hanyar gidaje kadai ba.
Wannan ya canza ne kawai a cikin shekaru goma da suka gabata ko makamancin haka, lokacin da gidaje a cikin gine-ginen alatu kamar 15 Central Park West sau ɗaya farashin $3,000 ko fiye da kowace ƙafar murabba'in. Ba zato ba tsammani, aikin titin 57th mai tsayi mai tsayi, sirara tare da bene mai girman isa ga ɗaki ko biyu kuma yana buƙatar ƙarancin lif don ɗaukar sarari fiye da ginin kasuwanci zai zama matsala ga masu haɓaka haɓaka. riba. Shahararrun masu gine-gine sun shiga hannu. Kamar yadda Carol Willis, darektan kafa gidan tarihi na Skyscraper a Lower Manhattan, yana son a ce, tsari yana bin kuɗi.
Tsawo ba zato ba tsammani ya maye gurbin unguwar a matsayin alamar matsayi, wani bangare saboda dokokin tsarin shiyya ya ba da umarni ga manyan gine-ginen zuwa wuraren da ba a iya amfani da su da yawa na birni kamar titin 57th, wanda kuma ya ba da damar samun kuɗi don Central Park, wani ɓangare saboda an yi niyya a Kudancin Asiya. Masu masana'antu na jan karfe da oligarchs na Rasha ba su da ɗan kwarin gwiwa don zama a cikin gidajensu. Ba sa buƙatar maƙwabta ta wata hanya. Suna son ra'ayi. Masu haɓakawa suna tallata gine-ginen a matsayin mallakar ƙasa, inda damar saduwa da wanda ba ma'aikacin ginin ba ne, kuma gidan abincin nasu mazauna ne kawai, don haka ko da cin abinci ba a buƙata ba. a zahiri yana fitowa.
Yawancin mazauna New York, ba su gamsu da raguwar harajin da aka bai wa maɗaukaki kuma masu girma na waɗannan gine-gine ba, sun yi tunanin kansu suna aiki a cikin dogon lokaci, inuwa mai ban tsoro da sababbin hasumiya suka yi. Amma inuwa a gefe, wannan ba gaskiya bane ga gine-gine masu tsayi. Wasu ƙila ba sa son girman su, amma ƴan gidaje a galibin wuraren da ba na zama ba kusa da Midtown ko Wall Street ba su ne sanadin ƴancin rai da ƙaura ba. Ana iya samun ɗan ƙanƙara na kyamar baki a cikin abin da ya faru na gaba-gaba. Tabbas, akwai hamshakan attajirai da yawa na Sinawa, Indiyawa da Larabawa waɗanda, kamar magabatansu yahudawa, sun gwammace su raina kwamitocin haɗin gwiwar Upper East Side lokacin da suka fuskanci wani tsari na tantancewa ba zai yiwu ba.
Ko da kuwa, titin 57th yanzu ana kiransa da Titin Billionaire kuma dukiya ta kai sabon matsayi. Ci gaban fasahar skyscraper yana da alaƙa da wannan. William F. Baker, wanda ya taimaka wajen zana Burj Khalifa na Dubai, hasumiya mafi tsayi a duniya mai tsawon kafa 2,717, kwanan nan ya bayyana injiniyoyin da ke bayan rayuwa sama da ƙafa 800. Injiniyoyin, wadanda suka dade suna gano yadda za su hana gine-ginen gine-gine daga rugujewa, suna kara mai da hankali kan wata matsala mai wahala: sanya mutanen da ke ciki su ji lafiya, in ji shi. Wannan aiki ne mai wuyar gaske domin dogayen gine-gine masu tsayi da sirara an ƙera su don lanƙwasa maimakon karyewa kamar fikafikan jirgin sama. Talakawa sun damu da ayyuka a cikin dogayen gine-gine tun kafin wani abu ya yi barazana ga lafiyarsu. Karan turawa da kuke ɗauka a cikin mota ko jirgin ƙasa na iya haifar da firgita sama da hawa 100, kodayake har yanzu kuna da aminci a cikin gini fiye da a cikin mota.
A halin yanzu ana yin ƙoƙari na ban mamaki don rage waɗannan tasirin. Hasumiya masu sirara a yau suna sanye da nagartattun na'urori masu auna nauyi, dampers da sauran na'urori masu motsi, da kuma na'urorin hawan da ke dauke mazauna cikin iska, amma ba da sauri ba har sai ka ji wani g-force mai tayar da hankali. Gudun kimanin ƙafa 30 a cikin daƙiƙa ɗaya yana kama da kyakkyawan gudu, yana nuna cewa za a iya tura hasumiya mai ban sha'awa zuwa iyaka - ba saboda ba za mu iya tsara gine-gine mai tsayin mil ba, amma saboda masu haya masu arziki ba za su yarda da gaskiyar cewa yana ɗauka ba. mintuna. zuwa ginin Inbound lif suna hawa zuwa gidaje inda ake biyan kuɗaɗen shekara na Jamhuriyar Palau.
Abubuwan da ake buƙata na injiniya na musamman an ce suna lissafin babban kaso na tsadar gidaje masu tsayi irin su 432 Park Avenue, a halin yanzu gini mafi tsayi a cikin Midtown Manhattan kuma ɗayan mafi tsada. Na waje shi ne raga na kankare da gilashi, kamar extruded Sol LeWitt ko wani faffadan gilashin Josef Hoffmann (ko yatsa ta tsakiya, dangane da ra'ayin ku). Giant biyu masu rufewa kusa da rufin, girman injin locomotive - da fahariyar ra'ayoyi masu tsayi biyu na birni - suna aiki azaman masu ɗaukar girgiza, suna ba da ballast da hana chandeliers daga ringi da gilashin shampagne sama.
Idan Hasumiyar Petronas da Ginin Daular Empire sun kasance iyakar Manhattan ta arewa da kudu, sandunan sararin samaniyar birnin, wuraren kamfas a yanzu sun hada da 1 World Trade, 432 Park, da One57 'yan shinge zuwa yamma. Ƙarshen, tare da lanƙwasa masu banƙyama da tagogi masu launi, yana kaiwa daga tsakiyar garin Manhattan zuwa Las Vegas ko Shanghai. Kusan mil mil, wani katon ginin allo mai suna Hudson Yards yana barazanar zama ƙaramin Singapore na West End.
Amma dandano yana da wuya a halatta. Lokacin da aka kammala ginin Chrysler, masu suka sun tarbe shi da firgici sannan kuma suka yaba da shi a matsayin tsarin gine-ginen gine-gine, yayin da gilashin zamani da hasumiya na karafa suka sake fasalin sararin samaniyar bayan yakin, suka kuma haifar da sabon tashin hankali. Idan muka waiwayi baya, za mu iya ganin cewa a cikin shekarun 1950 irin su Gordon Bunshaft's Lever House a SOM da Mies van der Rohe's Seagram gini sun kasance masu kyau da kyan gani kamar kowane abu a Amurka, kodayake a cikin shekaru masu zuwa sun canza. ya haifar da miliyoyin kwaikwaiyon gine-gine na tsaka-tsaki waɗanda suka mamaye Manhattan kuma suka ɓoye hazakar asali. Lokaci ne na ƙaurawar fararen fata da balaguro na kewayen birni, lokacin da Roland Barthes ya kwatanta New York a matsayin babban birni a tsaye, "mutanen da ba sa taruwa," da kuma wuraren da ake kira wuraren shakatawa na Amurka, yawancin ƙungiyoyin da ba su dace ba. guraren matalauta, da yawa a bayan gari, an yi watsi da su. Babban gidan sama mafi banƙyama na birnin a titin Pearl 375, wanda aka daɗe ana kiransa da Hasumiyar Verizon, dodo ne mara taga wanda har yanzu yana kan gadar Brooklyn. Minoru Yamasaki ne ya gina shi a shekara ta 1976, bayan Twin Towers, kuma mutanen New York suna son su ko kuma sun ƙi su - har sai da yawa sun gan su daban, kuma ba kawai saboda abin da ya faru ba. 11 ga Satumba. Da wayewar gari da faɗuwar rana, kusurwoyin hasumiyai da aka sassaƙa suna ɗaukar hasken rana, suna yin ribbon lemu da azurfa suna shawagi a cikin iska. Yanzu 1 Kasuwancin Duniya ya tashi daga toka. Kyawawan skyscrapers na zamani sun dawo cikin salo. Dandano, kamar layin sama na New York, ya kasance aikin da ba ya ƙarewa.
Daga cikin sababbin gine-gine, ina son 432, wanda Rafael Viñoly ya tsara, da kuma binciken jumble na 56 Leonard, cikin gari (Herzog & de Meuron sune gine-ginen). Daga cikin sababbin gine-gine, ina son 432, wanda Rafael Viñoly ya tsara, da kuma binciken jumble na 56 Leonard, cikin gari (Herzog & de Meuron sune gine-ginen). Из новых зданий мне нравится 432, спроектированных Рафаэлем Виньоли, и тщательно продуманная на 6 ре города (архитекторы Herzog & de Meuron). Daga cikin sababbin gine-gine, Ina son Rafael Vignoli's 432 da Leonard's elaborate hodgepodge na 56 a cikin gari (masu gine-gine Herzog & de Meuron). Из новостроек мне нравятся 432, спроектированные Рафаэлем Виньоли, и 56 Леонардов в центре горотре города . Daga cikin sababbin gine-gine, Ina son 432, wanda Rafael Vignoli ya tsara, da kuma 56 Leonards a tsakiyar gari (mai tsara gine-gine Herzog & de Meuron).An tsara su sosai don ƙawata sararin samaniya. Wasu masu tasowa, irin su 53 West 53rd Jean Nouvel, kusa da Gidan Tarihi na Fasahar Zamani, da Titin 111 57th, wanda ShoP Architects suka tsara, sun yi alƙawarin taimakawa wajen dawo da ma'auni zuwa ga kyawawan halaye. Hasumiyar akwatunan shirye-shiryen tafiya ne waɗanda suka maye gurbin waɗannan gine-gine shekaru da yawa.
Wasu har yanzu suna fargabar cewa akwai fadoji da dama a cikin birnin. Za su iya samun ta'aziyya a gaskiyar cewa al'amarin mai tsayi shine wasan kujerun kuɗi. Sabbin dokokin tarayya da ke da nufin yaƙar kamfanonin harsashi da masu satar kuɗi a yanzu suna buƙatar masu siyan kuɗi na gidajen alfarma su bayyana ainihin sunayen masu su. Ya bayyana cewa kusan rabin sayayyar gidaje a Manhattan ana biyansu ne a cikin tsabar kudi, kuma kashi uku na duk abubuwan da aka samu na sabbin gidaje a cikin birni sune masu siye na waje. Haɗe da faduwar farashin mai da kuma canjin canjin kuɗin yuan, sabbin dokokin suna da tasiri. A yanzu haka, kasuwar kwandon ƙafar ƙafa 800+ na ci gaba da raguwa. Wasu manyan gidaje masu tsayi a kan allon zane na iya jinkiri.
Shugabannin kamfanoni ba sa buƙatar sabbin gine-gine na kamfani. Sun fi dacewa da millennials waɗanda suka fi son gine-ginen da aka gyara, rayuwar titi da wuraren aiki. Architect Bjarke Ingels kwanan nan ya kera hasumiyai da yawa a New York tare da manyan filaye masu tasowa waɗanda ke ɗaukar nishaɗin titi zuwa iska.
"Tsarin shine ƙirƙirar wuraren da aka rufe tare da tagogin bene zuwa rufi don a yi muku dambe," in ji Ingels. “A da ana ɗaukar buɗaɗɗen sararin samaniya a matsayin abin da bai taɓa darajar gini ba, amma ina ganin hakan yana canzawa. Na fara jin mutane a cikin kasuwancin haya suna cewa suna buƙatar buɗaɗɗen wurare. Wannan yana cikin gidaje na gida da na kasuwanci duka. " “Don haka. Ina tsammanin makomar ƙafa 800 ta fi game da hulɗa da duniyar waje fiye da gudu daga gare ta. "
Zai iya zama New York tana da iska da sanyi sosai. Tsawon shekaru, innata ta yi hayar wani ɗakin studio na ƙasan bene a bene na 16 na wani gini a ƙauyen Greenwich, tare da baranda da ke kallon filin shakatawa na Washington Square da ƙananan Manhattan, kodayake yawancin ra'ayoyin ba su da yawa. dogayen gine-gine, rufin kwalta baƙar fata da tserewar wuta. Za a iya buɗe alfarwar zane mai launin kore da fari don haifar da inuwa a kan terrace. Daga titi suka taho da kahon mota. Ruwan ruwan sama ya fantsama a benen terracotta. A cikin bazara, iska tana kadawa daga kogin. Lokacin da nake New York, Ina jin kamar wanda ya fi kowa farin ciki a New York, a sama da kuma tsakiyar birnin.
Wurin da kowa ke da shi ya bambanta. Ina tsaye a Window 1 World Trade a ƙafa 1000 tare da Jimmy Park. Ya yaba da ra'ayoyin Brooklyn da Queens. Kai tsaye a ƙasan mu akwai rufin rufin Kasuwancin Duniya na 7, hasumiya na ofis ɗin gilashi mai ƙafa 743 da David Childs ya ɗauka, kai tsaye a ƙasan mu. Za mu iya fahimtar makanikai ne kawai. Mutumin da ke tsaye a wurin zai iya zama batun Harry Lime.
Na tambayi Parker tsawon nawa yake tunanin ta. Ya shafa goshinsa. Ya ce da gaske bai yi tunanin hakan ba. ♦
Michael Kimmelman masanin gine-gine ne na New York Times. Buga na ƙarshe a cikin mujallar shine game da wuraren waha da lambunan sirrin Manhattan.
Matthew Pillsbury mai daukar hoto ne. Za a baje kolin aikinsa a gidan wasan kwaikwayo na Ben Ruby a New York a cikin 2017.
Da zarar an san shi da Hasumiyar 'Yanci, ita ce mafi tsayi a sararin sama a Yammacin Duniya kuma tana da lif mafi sauri. Babban hawan hawan yana tafiya mil 22 a cikin sa'a guda kuma yana tashi daga ƙasa zuwa bene na 100 a cikin ƙasa da daƙiƙa 60.
Shekaru goma sha uku bayan 9/11, daruruwan ma'aikatan tashar jiragen ruwa ne fasinjoji na farko da suka koma bakin aiki a wurin.
Babban gini na farko da za a gina “core first” a cikin birnin New York, inda aka gina simintin ginin, wanda ke dauke da lif, matakalai, injiniyoyi da na’urorin famfo, kafin firam ɗin waje. kungiyoyin kwadago na birnin Kauracewa masana'antar karafa.
"Yawancin gine-gine ba su da hali," in ji Robert AM Stern, masanin ginin sabon gidan kwana mafi tsayi a cikin garin New York. “Ba kwa so ku sake saduwa da su. Amma kuna iya haɓaka tunanin soyayya don ginin mu. "
Duka ginin da Ginin Chrysler sun yi iƙirarin cewa shi ne gini mafi tsayi a duniya, kuma ana kan gina su duka. Da zarar an san shi da 40 Wall Street, ya kasance na ƙasa da wata ɗaya har sai an ƙara spire a Ginin Chrysler. Kasa da shekara guda sai ginin daular Empire ya ci karo da su.
Kamfanin inshora na American International Group ya bar ginin Art Deco a cikin 2009 kuma a halin yanzu yana maida shi otal miliyan 600 da gidan haya.
Lokacin da aka kammala shi, ginin da aka fi sani da 1 Chase Manhattan Plaza shi ne ginin ofishin kasuwanci mafi girma na birni tsawon kwata na karni, mafi girman ginin banki mai rufin asiri da aka taɓa ginawa, kuma na farko a cikin birnin New York don amfani da "1 Chase" gini. , , Plaza” a matsayin adireshin kasuwanci.
Hasumiyar Jenga mai suna Jenga bayan wani zane da masanan gine-ginen da suka ci lambar yabo ta Pritzker Jacques Herzog da Pierre de Meuron suka yi, ginshiƙan benaye na ginin sun shimfiɗa ta kowane fanni daga tsakiya.
Lokacin da mai ginin gine-gine Frank Gehry ke cin abincin rana tare da mai haɓaka gidaje Bruce Ratner, Ratner ya tambaye shi, "Me kuke son ginawa a New York?" Gehry ya zana zanen gine-gine akan rigar rigar.
An ƙera spirea na ginin Art Deco a matsayin mast ɗin ɗaki kuma rufin sa ɗakin ajiya ne na zeppelin, fasinjoji za su yi amfani da filin waje a bene na 103 da share kwastan a bene na 102. Gyaran da aka yi a kewayen ginin ya kawo cikas ga shirin saukar jirgin.
Farkon sabbin hasumiya 16 da aka shirya don Hudson Yards akan dala biliyan 25. Ginin yana da nasa haɗin zafi da tashar wutar lantarki kuma yana da alaƙa da kayan amfani na birni da microgrid tare da wasu masana'antar wutar lantarki da ke kusa.
Walter Chrysler ya ki biyan mai ginin gine-gine William Van Alen, bayan ginin da ya yi da kansa ya zama gini mafi tsayi a duniya. Van Alen ya kai kara kuma a ƙarshe ya sami kuɗinsa, amma bai sake samun manyan kwamitocin ƙira ba.
A cikin 2005, MetLife ta koma ɗakin taron ta na 1893, gami da rufin leaf ɗin gwal na asali, bene mai katako, murhu, da kujeru, zuwa bene na 57 na ginin.
Shine gini mai hawa na farko na kasuwanci don cimma takaddun shaida na LEED Platinum, mafi girman ƙimar muhalli da ginin zai iya cimma. Kudan zuma na zaune a daya daga cikin rufin rufin da ke komawa baya.
Lokacin da aka gabatar da shi kuma aka amince da shi a cikin 1999, mai haɓaka shi Donald Trump ya kira shi ginin mafi tsayi a duniya, amma ya fuskanci adawa mai ƙarfi. Tsohon Yankee Derek Jeter ya sayi gidan a 2001 (ya sayar da shi a cikin 2012).
Gine-ginen "ginshiƙan" tara na ginin Citigroup ya ba da damar sanya cocin a ɗaya daga cikin kusurwoyi na wurin. Rufin yana a kusurwa 45 kuma an tsara shi don hasken rana, wanda ba a taɓa sanya shi ba tun da rufin baya fuskantar rana kai tsaye.
Ginin da aka fi sani da Cibiyar Rockefeller asalinsa ya ƙunshi gine-gine 14 kuma ya ɗauki dubun dubatar ma'aikata a lokacin Babban Mawuyacin hali, ciki har da ma'aikatan karfe 11 da aka kwatanta a nan a bene na 30 na Rock (yanzu Jami'ar Comcast) hoton abincin rana a kan katako. . Ƙafafunsu sun yi tsayi da ƙafa 850 a sama da ƙasa.
Ginin yanki-kasuwa, ginin yanki na wurin abin da ya taɓa zama Shagon Sashen Alexander ya haɗa da farfajiyar da aka yi wahayi zuwa ga bangon New York City kamar Grand Central Station da Babban ɗakin Karatu na Babban Laburaren Jama'a na New York.
A halin yanzu ginin matsuguni mafi tsayi a duniya, kwandon shara ne ya yi wahayi zuwa gare shi kuma an tsara shi a kusa da abin da maginin sa Rafael Vignoli ya bayyana a matsayin "mafi kyawun nau'in lissafi: murabba'in."
Sakamakon rashin kididdigar da aka yi yayin ginin, ginin ya ƙare da ƙafa 11 sama da iyakar da masu tsara birni suka tsara. Ba a ba da izinin sake dawowa ba; maimakon haka, mai haɓakawa ya biya tarar dala miliyan 2.1, wani ɓangare na wanda aka yi niyya don sabunta filin wasan raye-raye kusa da cikin gari.
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-16-2022